Method of making concrete building units



May 13, 1952 N. PlAcENTlNo 2,596,914

METHOD OF' MAKING CONCRETE BUILDING UNITS Filed DSC. 9, 1948 ATTORNEY Patented May 13, 1952 UNITED STATES METHODl oF VMAKING CONCRETE BUILDING UNITS NicholaszPiacentino, Atlantic City,.N..J.. A Application,v December 9, 1948),. Serial Nb.. 61,388

I My invention relates' to new .and useful immovements in the methodl of making concreteunits, and' hasv for an object to provi-de a unit that carried' out especially a-t the seashore orL along the coastline where theI soil'is largely 'sand= Stili anotherobj'ectof the invention is toprof vide a concretel unit wherein the flanges ofthe unit crslalclV are to be pre-cast andl then setthe sand toa certain depth\,'andf the bodyy ofthe slab or unit cast so as to reduce the cost of hauling.

Still; another object of the invention is to provide a concrete unit that might be said to be cast in situ, so that rather than transporting these relativelylarge units, a, space may' be. marked off on the building site and the concrete.l delivered and the slab cast. close.- proximityto where the slab is to be used, to thus save thenecessity of loadingon trucks and hauling to the building site; I*

With these` and other objects View; the-iinventilo!! consists in a certain new andilnovel method' and certainA new constructions; as' will hereinaterbe more fully explained and? pointed out inftheclaim; e 'f 1;.,

*Referring* now tothe drawings; showing api-eferred embodiment of my concrete unit and the method in which it is to be made,

Fig. 1 is a perspective showing the side and bottom rails or anges after being partly buried in the sand before the body is cast,

Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows the further step showing the first layer of concrete having been poured between the flanges and the reinforcing screening after having been put in place,

Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the nal layer of concrete having been poured,

Fig. 5 is a perspective showing two of the units in place with the joist bolted and supported between them, and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary, enlarged, front elevation. showing the manner in which the joist and units are bolted together.

Referring now rst to the method in which I form the unit or slab, there will be noticed in Fig. 1 a rail or ange I which is to form the flange of the complete unit 2.

I Claim. (Cl. 25-154) There; will also be noticed a like rail orrfl'ange 3- and these two rails I` land 3 are similar in all respectsand' are to beformed of concrete and pre-formed. v y

The concrete -ra-il I'will have the metal (generally iron) reinforcing rod 4 (see Fig. 2'). near its topg-and-the lower like metal rod 5,- these rods and 5 extending throughout the length` of the rail If forv strengthening purposes.

Also secured to the upper rod`4 maybeV seen` the metal hooks or anchors 6`, which are placed throughout `the length of the-.rail I1 and these; of course, are attached to the rod `4' before the cast rail I. isA formed.

In alikemannerjin the. rail` there` are shownA the tworodsll!A and. E forV strengthening purposes;

and therev will. be like. hooksl or anchors 6. attached thereto. l

It.` isa'v to.V be noticed .that both the. rails I4 and 3 have thereduced. portions 'Ii andi 'I' attheir upper ends, the purpose of these. reduced. portions being` thatwheri two units arefbolted to` eachother (as, shown inligf.. 5' and later; to be mentioned) they portthexceiling or-roof',.e.tc.

Ialso preferably-provide, a bottomfi'ange' 8 thatY is pre-cast; and thisin. turn. will, have imbedded therein. the.v reinforcing rods 9,` and. there may be aA series of apertures IIIl in. this4 rbottom flange' 8 softhatthis; unit. 2 may be boltedy to a foundation (not shown) Also;` inthe. cut-out portions I- and 1" ofthe. side rails I; and 3 there will be the apertures I I for the reception of bolts II'.

After these side rails I and 3 are pre-cast, as well as the bottom flange 8, they will be trucked or transported to the building site; and, where the soil is of a sandy nature, as along the Atlantic Seaboard, ground space may be cleared and levelled off and the side rails I and 3 buried in the sand for about half their depth, as may be seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Then the bottom flange 8 is placed -between the rails I and 3 (as shown in Fig. 1) and a metal gate I 2 placed at the upper ends of the rails, that is, adjacent the ends of the cut-out portions; and a thin layer of concrete I3 (see Fig. 3) poured on the sand between these rails I and 3 and the bottom ange 8, the metal gate I2 at the top limiting the flow of wet concrete at this end.

Immediately after the layer I3 is poured, the reinforcing screening I4 will be imbedded in the wet concrete and tied or secured to these anchors 6, heretofore mentioned, to form a strong'binding; and after this wire reinforcement I4 is in, immediately there will be poured another layer of concrete l5 (see Fig. 4) on top of the screening i4 in the previous layer i3, so that the wire reinforcing I4 is completely imbedded, and thus not affected by dampness or the atmosphere.

After the unit is thus cast, of course it hardens; and the gate l2 will be removed; and there is now formed a slab or unit, as shown in Fig. 5, of great strength, provided with shoulders at its upper end to support the beams or joists I6.

As heretofore mentioned, bolts H' will be fastened through the adjacent iianges of adjacent units and additional bolts may be used throughout the height of the slab. Y

It will also be understood that if it is not desired to have the bottom flange 8 cast integral with the unit, this might be dispensed with; and then, of course, in the molding, a gate similar to gate l2 would be used at the lower end.

Thus, it will be seen that there is no necessity Y of making up wooden forms to cast these slabs, the only forms necessary being those that are used to pre-cast the flanges l and 3 and the bottom flange 8, if it is desired to use one.

It will also be understood that these units or slabs may be of any desired height, depending on the height of the building; and their width may be figured out before they are made, so that the number of them to be used will depend on the width of the building.

Also, if desired. a material to form an expansion joint may be placed between the adjacent units as shown at 20, in Figs. 5 and 6.

By using a bottom flange 8, the slab may be bolted to the foundation; and itis of course understood that, although not shown', if desired a flange might be cast across the upper end of the unit.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have provideda slab or unit thatv may be used for the side walls of a building, might equally well be used for a flooring or ceiling, and likewise used for a roof; and the units after once being cast, quickly bolted in position. Y

Furthermore, it will beV seen thatA by doing away with the use of wooden forms, it saves considerable cost for carpenters.

Finally, it will be lseen that by `forming th block right at the building site, allthat has to be transported are the side rails'or flanges and the bottom rail or ange, if one is used, iso that the Ready-Mix concrete may bedelivered right to the buildingsite and the forms cast onA the ground, thus savingthe transportation of slabs that may weight several hundred pounds apiece.

Also, it will be seen that after the sandy soil is once levelled off, any desired number of these units may be cast at the same spot, it not being necessary to build a wooden form each time the unit is cast, which procedure is necessary now with the ordinary form of making concrete slabs,

etc.v

Many slight changes might be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, that is, the unit and the method of making the same, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

The method of forming a concrete building unit having side anges and a bottom or end flange, which consists in preforming a concrete side iiangehaving a longitudinally extending reinforcement with integral anchors projecting laterally-through the flange, sinking a pair of side ilanges so formed in vspaced relationship, and

Y with their anchors opposed, into soil for about f half their depth, placing a bottom or endgflange between one end of the side iianges and a gate against the other end'of the side flanges, pouring a relatively thin layer of concrete between all the anges and the gate to form part ofthe body portion of the unit, placingV a wire reinforcement between the flanges and imbedding. same in the Vwet concrete and securing same to the laterally projecting anchors, placing a further layer of concrete over the wire reinforcement and levelling the same off flush with all the y'flanges to thus form the complete unit, letting the unit hardenand removing the gate.

NICHOLAS l PIAoNTINo. Y

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record 'in the le of this patent: f l

UNITED STATES PATENTSV f v Name I l Date l 918,699 Ransome Apr. 20, 1909 1,398,209 Van Bavegem Nov. 22, `1921 1,525,797y Blum Feb, 1o, 1925v 1,597,163 Krump Aug. 24, `1926 1,819,405 Brooks Aug. 18, 1931l 2,305,684 Foster `Dec. 22, 1942 2,335,433 Minck Nov. 3,0, 1943 

